Government Support for Business During the Pandemic in the USA, Germany, England, China and Russia

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has become a serious test for humanity. Its consequences are global and affect all aspects of society - from demography to the economy. At the beginning of 2022, almost 350 million infections and more than 5.5 million deaths as a result of the disease were recorded in the world. The temporary disability of the population and the demographic catastrophe as a whole led to a disruption in the supply of resources and the normal functioning of the process of social reproduction. Business is forced to survive in the face of a shortage of labor resources and government measures of a restrictive nature. The purpose of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis and evaluate the effectiveness of government support measures for businesses in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Russian Federation and other countries. The scientific and practical novelty of the study lies in the comparative assessment of ex isting measures of state support for small and medium-sized businesses in the USA, Germany, England, China and Russia in the context of a global pandemic. It has been established that countries with different economic development status are taking similar measures to support entrepreneurship to reduce the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy. At the same time, Russian measures aimed at mitigating the consequences of the pandemic are very diverse, although the total state assistance to business structures in the new conditions is generally less than in other countries.