The article substantiates the relevance of certification tests to determine emissions of harmful substances with exhaust gases. The requirements for the measuring equipment, the test procedure, and also the gravimetric method features are given. 

The article discusses the design and diagnostic parameters that determine the reliability of diesel internal combustion engines. The factors influencing the technical condition of the cylinder-piston group of the engine, the types and causes of failures are presented. Approaches to the diagnosis of modern diesel engines are proposed.

This paper deals with two simple systems consisting of: 1 – a servovalve with transmission lines connected to its output ports, and 2– a servovalve with transmission lines which is terminated by an orifice. Theoretical investigations and experimental data show that using the value of average friction coefficient instead of its distributed meaning for calculation of dynamic characteristics does not produce essential error in case of hydraulic drives.

In order to make competent decisions in a competitive environment, road transport companies require effective management. A reasonable and correct choice of vehicles contributes to the successful development of international transportation. The article examines the research of modern design requirements for rolling stock for international transportation, reflects the results of the analysis of international technical standards. The standards for the assessment of overall parameters, the procedure for passing the inspection of motor vehicles are given, recommendations are given to domestic manufacturers to increase the competitiveness of manufactured cars.

The modern safety management system implies a transition from the priority of responding to incidents (actions after the fact) to the priority of preventive risk management of the occurrence of an undesirable event. The analysis of statistical data on accidents associated with staying at altitude confirms the need for the formation of risk-oriented thinking among professionals involved in performing production or service tasks in the high-altitude sphere. The presence of stable risk management skills among industrial climbers and rescuers allows highly effective and with minimal risk to life, health and property to carry out both work and emergency rescue measures against the background of the influence of traumatic factors, adverse weather conditions, the destructive influence of stressogens inherent in man-made accidents and large-scale disasters. The article considers the risks inherent in the rope access method as the most technically and organizationally complex method of performing work at height, and shows the need to train highly qualified professionals who are ready to ensure the safety of personnel and other persons when performing such work.

The article deals with the problems of natural and technogenic safety of Donbass. The goals of the state policy in the field of risk reduction and mitigation of the consequences of man-made and natural emergencies, as well as measures that will help restore balance and harmony between man and nature, are outlined.

The article will consider and analyze the main factors that, according to the authors, are key to ensuring the effective development of the use of natural gas in the Republic of Tatarstan as a promising type of alternative fuel for motor vehicles. 

The exponential increase in data volume generated in the world necessitates the expansion of existing and the emergence of new distributed and centralized (data centers) information storage systems. At the same time, due to the constant replacement of failed data storage devices with new ones with improved characteristics, their composition inevitably becomes heterogeneous over time in these systems. In addition, different manufacturers put different meanings into drives reliability parameters, although they have the same names. In this regard, it is urgent to solve the problem of ambiguity and incompleteness of reliability parameters values of information storage devices heterogeneous sets in data centers. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of effective ways to identify and eliminate all real errors in reliability parameters values, differing in their ambiguity and variability over time, which makes it possible to improve data quality and formulate data models for information storages heterogeneous sets in data centers. 

A buttress with dimensions 1.0x1.0x3.0 m is considered, being in a volumetric stress-strain state (SSS). The material of the buttress is concrete of class B25 with standard compressive strength Rs = 14.5 MPa and standard tensile strength Rst = 1.05 MPa. The aim of the work is to compare the results of solving the problem according to our proposed methodology and using the software product PC Lira 10.11. 

The basics and results of calculating the geometrical parameters of the bladed adjustable nozzle apparatus (RSA) and the housing (scroll) of the turbocharger turbine are presented. Three variants of blade profiles are proposed. CFD - analysis of the turbine stage of the TKR was performed using the AVL FIRE package. Comparison of blades with different profiles was carried out according to the value of pressure losses in them. 

A technological process of the manufacture of Al-Ti-B rod addition alloy by electroslag casting has been proposed and investigated. According to the proposed  technology and the ratio of the initial materials in the charge composition, an experimental rod material of the Al-Ti-B addition alloy was obtained, electron-microscopic, micro-X-ray spectral studies, the stereometric structure analysis of which showed the priority interaction of titanium with boron. This circumstance determined the high quality of the modifying addition alloy, expressed in the presence in it of a predominant amount of small nucleating particles of titanium diboride. 

The particle sizes of Al2O3 and TiO2 powders selected for the development of the coolant formulation were analyzed using the Microsizer 201C laser diffraction particle analyzer. It was found that the number of nanoparticles in aluminum oxide powder is 4%, and particles in the micro-range of 10-20 microns have the largest total specific surface area. The TiO2 powder is dominated by nanoparticles (more than 90%). The choice of the basic components of coolant for resistance to fungal infection is justified. Conducted studies on the main indicators (anticorrosive properties, acid number, bio-contamination) of 8 samples of technological liquid with the developed formulation, compliance with the requirements for emulsion COOLANT was shown. 

The control of the technological process of precision stamping is based on the use of fuzzy logic, since the process parameters belong to a certain interval. In this paper, fuzzy logic is used to maintain the process indicators in the required ranges. Fuzzy logic is made in the form of production rules based on a pre-compiled knowledge base using linguistic variables. 

The article focuses on the study of contradictions between the provisions of legislative acts to ensure equal access to high-quality higher education for all citizens and the inefficiency of mechanisms for their implementation. The focus of educational policy is on the humanization of society and the society’s rejection of the values of a person with special needs. There was carried out the theoretical analysis of possibilities of inclusive information and the educational environment of a university in the process of forming disabled students’ competence. 

Any professional activity serves as a way to meet a certain range of human needs. At the same time, the scope of existing needs has a significant impact on the efficiency and quality of performance of functional responsibilities. One of the main conditions for the formation and development of a person's motivational sphere is the organization of his professional activity, which reveals the prospects for his development and the social significance of his activities. The paper reveals the important role of motivation of the professional activity of the employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the LNR, and also discusses the theory and practice of motivation of personnel using the theory of "Z". 

Modern society is facing unprecedented challenges such as COVID-19, which lead to collapse in many areas of activity and imbalance in economic systems. In this context, the digitalization of the university educational environment is an important issue. At the same time, in many countries, the interest of young people in getting an engineering education has decreased. The purpose of this article is to study the problems and factors of formation of educational motivation for students of engineering specialties, as well as the conditions for successful mastery of the competencies necessary for further professional activity in the context of digital learning. The study highlighted the advantages and disadvantages of distance technologies in the educational process, identified the difficulties that arise when combining traditional and online forms of education, as well as factors for increasing learning motivation in the context of digital learning. 

The COVID-19 pandemic has become a serious test for humanity. Its consequences are global and affect all aspects of society - from demography to the economy. At the beginning of 2022, almost 350 million infections and more than 5.5 million deaths as a result of the disease were recorded in the world. The temporary disability of the population and the demographic catastrophe as a whole led to a disruption in the supply of resources and the normal functioning of the process of social reproduction. Business is forced to survive in the face of a shortage of labor resources and government measures of a restrictive nature. The purpose of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis and evaluate the effectiveness of government support measures for businesses in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Russian Federation and other countries. The scientific and practical novelty of the study lies in the comparative assessment of ex isting measures of state support for small and medium-sized businesses in the USA, Germany, England, China and Russia in the context of a global pandemic. It has been established that countries with different economic development status are taking similar measures to support entrepreneurship to reduce the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy. At the same time, Russian measures aimed at mitigating the consequences of the pandemic are very diverse, although the total state assistance to business structures in the new conditions is generally less than in other countries. 

This article examines the foreign trade activity of the Russian Federation and its features during a pandemic. The changes that have occurred in the structure and geography of Russia's foreign trade in 2020 and in the first half of 2021 compared to previous periods are shown, highlighted the features that occurred during the specified period in Russia's foreign trade. 

The study examines the features of slang in English song discourse on the example of modern songs, it also studies the concepts of discourse, song discourse and slang. In addition, the classification of slang functions was given, according to which slang words in modern song discourse were further classified. In the course of the study, six song texts were studied. 151 slang words were found and the function of each was determined.